Selected papers on fiber optic gyroscopes 1989 smith. We present briefly the qualification of the technology. The fiber optic gyroscope fog is based on the sagnac effect. The performance of ifogs is strongly dependent on fiber coils, which are the main sensing element in ifogs. However its principle of operation is instead based on the interference of light which has passed through a coil of optical fibre which can be as long as 5 km. This reference presents a system analysis of the fibre optic gyro. An overview of optical gyroscopes theory, practical. Gyroscope comprising a source 1 for the emission of a light beam, a loop 5 of optical fiber in which the light propagates in one direction and in the other, a mirror 9 with double phase conjugation arranged in said loop 5 so that light arrives on said mirror 5 on one side and on the other thereof, recombination means 4 for recombining the light which has propagated in the loop. All components are made on a single fiber length using jointless manufacturing technology. Fiber optic gyroscopes springer fiber optic gyroscopes herv c the fiberoptic gyroscope l, 2, 3. Fibre optic gyroscope a related device is the fibre optic gyroscope which also operates on the basis of the sagnac effect, but in which the ring is not a part of the laser. This platform can be anything that moves, including a car, boat, airplane or spacecraft. The implementation of the fiber optic gyroscope is mainly based on the segnik theory. The fibre optic gyroscope fog offers the potential of a low cost, high performance strap down inertial navigational instrument.
Data from the fiber optic gyroscope was collected and logged at 10 hz via digital computer while volunteer participants performed a number of standard driving maneuvers and invehicle tasks. The proofofconcept device is capable of detecting phase shifts 30 times smaller than stateoftheart miniature fibreoptic gyroscopes. Get pdf abstract a family of space inertial measurement unit with several fibre optic gyroscopes have been developed, covering a large range of performance from 0,1h to 0,001h and space applications. Pdf the presented method, based on the theory and equations of fiber optic gyroscope, gives a possibility to select appropriate interferometric fiber. Sensitivity and stability of an aircore fibreoptic gyroscope. Fibre optic gyroscopes fibre optic gyroscopes culshaw, b giles, i. Fidanboylu k and efendioglu h s, fiber optic sensors and their applications, 5th international advanced technologies symposium, 2009. Angle error from vibrating in triaxial interferometric. Angle error from vibrating in triaxial interferometric fiber. Fiber optic gyroscope pdf theory gyroscope optical fiber. However its principle of operation is instead based on the interference of light which has passed through a coil of optical fibre, which can be as long as 5 kilometres 3 mi. Rather, an external laser injects counterpropagating beams into an optical fiber ring, where rotation causes a relative phase shift between those beams when interfered. Fibre optic gyroscopes iopscience institute of physics. Light beams propagating in opposite directions in a rotating frame experience.
Reciprocity and serendipity have allowed it to reach a unique performance of longterm. It comprises fiber optic sensing coil, phase modulator, two fiber optic couplers, fiber crystal polarizer, lightemitting sld module and fiber deadend. That is the reason it is sometimes called an active ring resonator. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading the fiberoptic gyroscope, second edition. Other articles where fiberoptic gyroscope is discussed. In addition to outstanding radiation performance, this optical fiber offers excellent pm properties as well as stability over temperature. Protonexchanged linbo 3 integratedoptic circuit very high polarizer rejection manufactured by ixblue.
The rlg was demonstrated only a few years after the invention of the laser in 1960, and it is based on heliumneon hene technology. Introduction fibreoptic gyroscopes fogs have been commercialized for around 20 years, and as many as about 00 have. The relative phase difference is the sagnac phase shift the sagnac effect in vacuum. The development of diode semiconductor lasers and lowloss singlemode optical fibre in the early 1970s for the.
The paper describes the behaviour of a serrodyne modulator in a closedloop fibreoptic gyroscope. An overview of optical gyroscopes theory, practical aspects. Fibre optic current sensors for high voltage applications. The presented method, based on the theory and equations of fiber optic gyroscope, gives a possibility to select appropriate interferometric fiber optic gyroscope ifog parameters and components. Fiber optic gyroscopes springer fiber optic gyroscopes herv c the fiber optic gyroscope l, 2, 3. Written by one of the fields leading experts, this landmark reference presents a thorough system analysis of the fiber optic gyroscope fog, describing the concepts that have emerged as the preferred solutions for obtaining a practical device.
Design and development of fiber optic gyroscopes spie. A closedloop computer model is used to investigate the behaviour of such a modulator and its associated errors in a gyroscope. Saabs fiber optic gyros, fog, are designed to provide maximum stabilisation in tough environments. Among the technologies available for gyroscopes usable in space, the fibre optic gyroscope fog technology appears to be the most suitable. Fibre optic gyroscopes b culshaw and i p giles department of electronic and electrical engineering, university college london, torrington place, london wc 1e 7je, uk abstract. Qualification of fibreoptic gyroscopes for civil engineering.
Digital closed loop single axis fibre optic gyroscope. A fiber optic gyroscope is most often used for stabilization and navigation. A fibreoptic gyroscope fog senses changes in orientation using the sagnac effect, thus. The present invention relates to fiber optic gyroscopes and concerns sensing coils therefor. The general form of the driving waveform is described. Design and construction of a simple sagnac interferometer fiber optic gyroscope fog capable of serving as a rotation detector. Realizing the potential of the fiber optic gyro, like the ring laser gyro, has been a long. This paper is a short analysis of key technological advantages of fiberoptic gyroscope fog technology for high performance applications over competing. Fiber enables fiber optic gyroscope performance in radiation environments. The core of the openloop fiber optic gyroscope is the fiber optic sensing assembly. A fibre optic gyroscope fog senses changes in orientation, thus performing the function of a mechanical gyroscope.
Experimental results are included which show agreement with the model. Since then, the level of performance of the fog has been increased by about 3 orders of magnitude, reaching now a bias. Yjunction and pair of pushpull lowvoltage phase modulators. Two light beams travel along the fibre in opposite directions. Bias errors due to birefringent coupling centers in the fiber coil are avoided by using an unpolarized light source. Realizing the potential of the fiber optic gyro, like the ring laser gyro, has been a long and. S 55 avenue auguste renoir, marlyleroi, france yves. Dec 07, 2017 overview of fibre optic gyroscope duration. The performance of ifogs is strongly dependent on fiber coils, which are the main sensing element in ifogs 5. The fiberoptic gyroscope, second edition, lefevre, herve. A fiber optic gyroscope different from the standard concept is presented. Fibre optic gyroscope wikipedia, the free a fibre optic gyroscope fog senses changes in orientation, thus performing the function of a mechanical gyroscope. Efficient modulation and processing method for closedloop.
This book s first edition was published in the early 1990 s. At the heart of this technology is the optical fiber itself a hairthin cylindrical filament made of glass that is able to guide light through itself by confining it within regions having different optical indices of. They feature solidstate, lowdrift, high shock usability, small size and short startup time and are available as basic single axis fog sensor, 1, 2 and 3axis solutions with analogue or digital outputs. Design and development of fiber optic gyroscopes 2019 udd. In general, the stress variation of the fiber coil induced from shock and vibration may lead.
Now the development of lowloss optical fibers and compact and reliable semiconductor light sources for the telecommunication industry has made possible a new approach. This paper also discusses the two important fiber optic sensors, namely the mach zehnder interferometric fiber sensor and the fiber optic gyroscope. Jones in international conference on optical fibre sensors 1983 124 coherence, modulation, and phasenoise effects in sagnac interferometers, k. For calculating the sagnac phase shift, an optical path laying on a. It was first experimentally demonstrated in 1976 1 and the first products became available in the early 1990s 27. The fiberoptic gyroscope, second edition, lefevre, herve c.
A fibre optic gyroscope fog senses changes in orientation using the sagnac effect, thus performing the function of a mechanical gyroscope. Fiber optic gyro type closedloop closedloop input rate maximum 250sec 250sec. Because of the richness of the technology involved, and the size of the market in which it can compete, the fiber optic gyroscope has acquired an uncommonly devoted following. Digital closed loop single axis fibre optic gyroscope mechanical characteristic the polarity of x, y, and z gyros is defined by the righthand helix rule, and the three axes are orthogonal. How to build a sagnac interferometer fiber optic gyroscope. Mbs transmission 1985 1st industrial applications and military systems advent of single mode systems. Light is launched into both ends of the fibre coil simultaneously and when this light has travelled along the fibre, it is then split from the fibre into a detector. Apr 18, 2020 a fiber optic gyroscope is a device that measures rotational movement of the platform or object it is on through the use of fiber optic technology. For the moment, they make use of mechanical gyroscopes or gas laser gyroscopes. Pdf polarimetry fiber optic gyroscope researchgate. How optical assembly for fogs is made smallest fiber.
How to build a sagnac interferometer fiber optic gyroscope fog doug marett 2010 our instructional video on youtube. Feb 16, 2015 fiber optic sensing presents unique features that have no match in conventional sensing techniques. Drawing on 15 years of research and developments, it describes the concepts that have emerged as the preferred solutions for obtaining a practical device, and provides access to the information needed to know about optics, singlemode fibre optics and integrated optics to understand the fibre gyro. With the introduction of fiber optics, it became possible to design smaller, lower cost products. The ifg is a fibre optic gyroscope fog based sensor, which uses a long length of optical fibre approximately 3km wound into a small coil. Our longstanding leadership in the development of highlyaccurate defense and military grade fiber optic components and systems has paved the way for the development of more. Fiber optic rotation sensing devices, such as gyroscopes, comprise two main components, 1 a front end including a light source and detector and 2 a fiber optic interferometer, including sensor coil, coupler and polarizer that are mounted to a system. The fiberoptic gyroscope, second edition kindle edition by lefevre, herve c download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Emcores fiber optic gyroscope fog technology is designed for fast, accurate navigation and gyrocompassing, and lownoise lineofsight stabilization. Fundamentals and applications september, 2015 david krohn, ph.
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